Gender differences in endowments (in time use, education, and access to assets and formal institutions) continue to overlap with limited agency (differences in societal voice and household decision making), resulting in different and unequal economic opportunities. Women’s access to fundamental resources- from education to key economic assets - remains extremely limited. In some cases institutions were established to implement the reforms, such as the Family Solidarity Fund and an enhanced family court system.ĭespite progress in reducing gender gaps, women in Morocco continue to face significant obstacles to social, economic and political participation. The result of these changes is that de jure women do enjoy more freedom to travel, access employment and education, and negotiate marriage and divorce. Morocco formally withdrew its reservations to the Convention on the Elimination of All Forms of Discrimination against Women (CEDAW) in 2011, which covered issues related to passing of nationality equality of marital rights, and adopted its Optional Protocol in 2012. The introduction of a quota in local elections raised the level of women’s representation in 2009.
Emploi animatrice socioculturelle code#
Gender equality is enshrined in a number of key laws, including the (revised) Labor Code (2003) and the Law on Nationality (2008). The Moudawana (Family Code) was revised in 2004, a process strongly driven by women’s rights organizations, expanding the rights of women in areas such as guardianship, marriage and child custody, and access to divorce. The Constitution, revised in 2011, provides for equality of Moroccan citizens and obligates public bodies to promote liberty and equality for male and female citizens and to foster participation in political, economic, social and cultural life. Undoubtedly, Morocco displays today one of the most liberal and progressive legal frameworks in the MENA regions in terms of gender equality. This is now much lower than the world’s and LMI countries’ averages of 49 and 59 respectively.Ĭonsiderable reforms have been made to legal frameworks, with the intent to improve women’s economic, social and political development. Women also benefitted from wider access to health services, as improved health outcomes show: relevant progress was made in terms of reproductive health indicators, with the adolescent fertility falling to 35 births (per 1000 women ages 15-19) in 2012. Similarly the gender gap for the secondary and tertiary level narrowed significantly, with the girls/boys ratios in enrollments moving up respectively to 85 percent and 90 percent. The girls/boys enrollment ratio for the primary level jumped from around 70 percent in the mid-1990s to 95 percent today. Gender gaps in access to education narrowed significantly. Women, as men, benefitted from such progress and increased access to services.
Thanks to sound macroeconomic policies and the implementation of a wide range of structural reforms, Morocco saw significant progress in terms economic, social and human development outcomes during the past decade.
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